Does Car Insurance Cover Animal Collisions?

Driving down a quiet country road or even a busy highway, the last thing you expect is an animal darting into your path. Whether it’s a deer, a raccoon, or even a stray dog, animal collisions are more common than you might think. In the U.S. alone, there are over 1.5 million deer-vehicle collisions each year, resulting in billions of dollars in damages. But what happens when you hit an animal? Does your car insurance cover the repairs? And what if the animal causes you to swerve and crash into a tree instead?

This article dives into the complexities of car insurance and animal collisions, helping you understand your coverage, what to do after an accident, and how to stay safe on the road.

Understanding Animal Collisions and Insurance Coverage

What Counts as an Animal Collision?

An animal collision occurs when your vehicle hits a wild or domestic animal. Common scenarios include:
- Hitting a deer crossing the road
- Striking a small animal like a raccoon or possum
- Colliding with livestock (e.g., cows or horses) that have wandered onto the road

Insurance companies typically classify these incidents under comprehensive coverage, which covers non-collision-related damage. However, the specifics depend on your policy and the circumstances of the accident.

Does Liability Insurance Cover Animal Collisions?

No. Liability insurance only covers damage you cause to other people or their property—not your own vehicle. If you hit an animal and your car is damaged, liability insurance won’t pay for repairs.

Comprehensive vs. Collision Coverage

• Comprehensive Coverage: Usually covers animal collisions, as well as other non-collision incidents like theft, vandalism, or natural disasters.
• Collision Coverage: Kicks in if you swerve to avoid an animal and hit another object (like a guardrail or tree).

Some policies may require you to have both types of coverage for full protection.

What to Do After Hitting an Animal

Step 1: Ensure Safety First

• Pull over safely and turn on hazard lights.
• Check for injuries—yours, passengers’, and the animal’s (if possible).
• If the animal is large (like a deer or moose), do not approach—injured animals can be dangerous.

Step 2: Document the Incident

• Take photos of the damage, the animal (if safe), and the surrounding area.
• Note the location, time, and road conditions.
• If there are witnesses, get their contact information.

Step 3: Contact Authorities and Insurance

• Report the accident to local police or wildlife authorities (required in some states for large animals).
• Call your insurance provider to file a claim.

How to Prevent Animal Collisions

Be Aware of High-Risk Areas

• Deer are most active at dawn and dusk.
• Rural roads and wooded areas are hotspots for wildlife crossings.

Use Defensive Driving Techniques

• Slow down in areas with animal crossing signs.
• Use high beams at night (when no oncoming traffic is present).
• If an animal appears, brake firmly—do not swerve, as this can lead to worse accidents.

Consider Additional Safety Measures

• Install deer whistles (though effectiveness is debated).
• Use advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) like collision warnings.

Real-Life Cases and Legal Considerations

Case Study: A $15,000 Deer Collision

John, a driver in Pennsylvania, hit a deer at 50 mph. The impact destroyed his front bumper, radiator, and headlights. His comprehensive coverage had a $500 deductible, and his insurer covered the remaining $14,500 in repairs.

Legal Implications

• In some states, hitting certain animals (like livestock) may require reporting to local authorities.
• If you swerve to avoid an animal and cause another accident, fault may depend on local laws.

Final Thoughts on Insurance and Wildlife Safety

While no one plans to hit an animal, being prepared can save you stress and money. Review your insurance policy, drive cautiously in high-risk areas, and know what steps to take if an accident happens.

Stay safe—and remember, even the most careful drivers can encounter unexpected wildlife on the road.